Transnational criminal organizations in East and Southeast Asia are spreading their lucrative scam operations across the globe in response to crackdowns by authorities, according to an April 2025 United Nations report. For several years, scam compounds have proliferated in Southeast Asia, especially in border areas of Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar, as well as in the Philippines, shifting operations from site to site to stay a step ahead of the police.
More recently, scam centers that have bilked victims out of billions through false romantic ploys, bogus investment pitches and illegal gambling schemes now are operating as far afield as Africa and Latin America. Asian crime syndicates have been expanding operations deeper into remote areas with lax law enforcement that are vulnerable to the influx, according to the report from the U.N. Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). The report is titled “Inflection Point: Global Implications of Scam Centers, Underground Banking and Illicit Online Marketplaces in Southeast Asia.”
“This reflects both a natural expansion as the industry grows and seeks new ways and places to do business, but also a hedging against future risks should disruption continue and intensify in Southeast Asia,” Benedikt Hofmann, UNODC’s acting regional representative for Southeast Asia and the Pacific, said in an April 2025 statement.